Woyang'anira njinga yamoto yamagetsi
1. Kodi controller ndi chiyani?
● Woyendetsa galimoto yamagetsi ndi chipangizo choyambirira chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyang'anira chiyambi, kugwira ntchito, kupita patsogolo ndi kubwerera, kuthamanga, kuyimitsa galimoto yamagetsi ndi zipangizo zina zamagetsi za galimoto yamagetsi.Zili ngati ubongo wa galimoto yamagetsi ndipo ndi gawo lofunikira la galimoto yamagetsi.Mwachidule, imayendetsa galimotoyo ndikusintha ma motor drive panopa pansi pa chowongolera kuti akwaniritse liwiro la galimotoyo.
● Magalimoto amagetsi makamaka amaphatikizapo njinga zamagetsi, njinga zamoto zamagetsi zamawiro awiri, magalimoto oyendetsa magetsi atatu, njinga zamoto zamagetsi zamagudumu atatu, magalimoto amagetsi amagetsi, magalimoto a batri, ndi zina zotero. Owongolera magalimoto amagetsi amakhalanso ndi machitidwe osiyanasiyana chifukwa cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana. .
● Owongolera magalimoto amagetsi amagawidwa kukhala: owongolera maburashi (osagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri) ndi ma brushless controller (omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri).
● Maburashi akuluakulu owongolera amagawidwanso kukhala: owongolera mafunde a square, ma sine wave controller, ndi ma vector controller.
Sine wave controller, square wave controller, vector controller, zonse zimatengera mzere wapano.
● Malingana ndi kuyankhulana, amagawidwa kukhala olamulira mwanzeru (osinthika, omwe nthawi zambiri amasinthidwa kudzera pa Bluetooth) ndi ochiritsira ochiritsira (osasinthika, fakitale, pokhapokha ngati ndi bokosi la olamulira burashi)
● Kusiyana kwa motor brushless motor ndi brushless motor: Brushed motor ndi imene timakonda kuitcha DC motor, ndipo rotor yake imakhala ndi maburashi a carbon ndi maburashi ngati sing'anga.Maburashi a kaboni awa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupatsa makina ozungulira, potero amalimbikitsa mphamvu ya maginito ya rotor ndikuyendetsa galimotoyo.Mosiyana ndi izi, ma motors opanda brush safunika kugwiritsa ntchito maburashi a kaboni, ndikugwiritsa ntchito maginito osatha (kapena ma elekitiroma) pa rotor kuti apereke mphamvu ya maginito.Woyang'anira kunja amayang'anira kayendetsedwe ka galimoto kudzera muzinthu zamagetsi.
Square wave controller
Sine wave controller
Vector Controller
2. Kusiyana Pakati pa Olamulira
| Ntchito | Square wave controller | Sine wave controller | Vector controller |
| Mtengo | Zotsika mtengo | Wapakati | Zokwera mtengo |
| Kulamulira | Zosavuta, zovuta | Chabwino, linear | Zolondola, za mzere |
| Phokoso | Phokoso lina | Zochepa | Zochepa |
| Kuchita bwino komanso kuchita bwino, torque | Kutsika, koyipitsitsa pang'ono, kusinthasintha kwakukulu kwa torque, kuyendetsa bwino kwagalimoto sikungathe kufika pamtengo wokwanira | Kusinthasintha kwakung'ono kwa torque, kuyendetsa bwino kwagalimoto sikungafikire pamtengo wokwanira | Kusinthasintha kwakung'ono, kusinthasintha kwa torque, kuyankha kothamanga kwambiri, mphamvu zamagalimoto sizingafikire pamtengo wokwera |
| Kugwiritsa ntchito | Amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo omwe kusinthasintha kwa injini sikuli kwakukulu | Zosiyanasiyana | Zosiyanasiyana |
Kuti muwongolere molondola kwambiri komanso liwiro la kuyankha, mutha kusankha chowongolera vekitala.Kwa mtengo wotsika komanso wosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, mutha kusankha wowongolera wa sine wave.
Koma palibe lamulo lomwe lili bwino, wowongolera mafunde a square, sine wave controller kapena wowongolera vekitala.Zimadalira makamaka zosowa zenizeni za kasitomala kapena kasitomala.
● Zowongolera:model, voltage, undervoltage, throttle, angle, malire apano, brake level, etc.
● Chitsanzo:amatchulidwa ndi wopanga, nthawi zambiri amatchulidwa pambuyo pa zomwe wowongolerayo amafunikira.
● Mphamvu yamagetsi:Mtengo wa voliyumu wowongolera, mu V, nthawi zambiri voteji imodzi, ndiye kuti, yofanana ndi voteji yagalimoto yonse, komanso voteji wapawiri, ndiye 48v-60v, 60v-72v.
● Kupanda mphamvu:amatanthauzanso mtengo wotsika wa chitetezo chamagetsi, ndiye kuti, pambuyo powonongeka, wowongolera adzalowa chitetezo cha undervoltage.Pofuna kuteteza batri kuti isatuluke kwambiri, galimotoyo idzazimitsidwa.
● Mphamvu yamagetsi:Ntchito yayikulu ya mzere wa throttle ndikulumikizana ndi chogwirira.Kupyolera mu kulowetsa kwa chizindikiro cha mzere wa throttle, woyendetsa galimoto yamagetsi amatha kudziwa zambiri za kuthamanga kwa galimoto yamagetsi kapena braking, kuti athe kuyendetsa liwiro ndi kuyendetsa galimoto yamagetsi;kawirikawiri pakati pa 1.1V-5V.
● Nthawi yogwirira ntchito:Nthawi zambiri 60 ° ndi 120 °, ngodya yozungulira imagwirizana ndi mota.
● Malire pano:amatanthauza pazipita panopa kuloledwa kudutsa.Kukula kwamakono, ndikothamanga kwambiri.Pambuyo podutsa malire omwe alipo panopa, galimotoyo idzazimitsidwa.
● Ntchito:Ntchito yofananira idzalembedwa.
3. Ndondomeko
Controller communication protocol ndi protocol yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchitozindikirani kusinthana kwa data pakati pa owongolera kapena pakati pa owongolera ndi PC.Cholinga chake ndikuzindikirakugawana zambiri ndi kugwirizanam'madongosolo osiyanasiyana owongolera.Common controller communication protocols zikuphatikizapoModbus, CAN, Profibus, Efaneti, DeviceNet, HART, AS-i, etc.Protocol yolankhulirana iliyonse ili ndi njira yakeyake yolumikizirana komanso mawonekedwe olumikizirana.
Njira zoyankhulirana za protocol yolumikizirana yowongolera zitha kugawidwa m'mitundu iwiri:kuyankhulana kwa malo ndi malo ndi kuyankhulana kwa basi.
● Kulankhulana molunjika kumatanthauza kulumikizana kwachindunji pakati pawomfundo ziwiri.Node iliyonse ili ndi adilesi yapadera, mongaRS232 (yakale), RS422 (yakale), RS485 (wamba) kulumikizana kwa mzere umodzi, etc.
● Kuyankhulana kwa basi kumatanthauzamfundo zambirikuyankhulana kudzerabasi yomweyo.Node iliyonse imatha kusindikiza kapena kulandira zidziwitso ku basi, monga CAN, Ethernet, Profibus, DeviceNet, etc.
Pakadali pano, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri komanso yosavuta ndiyoProtocol ya mzere umodzi, kutsatiridwa ndi485 protocol, ndiKukhoza protocolsichimagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri (zovuta zofanana ndi zowonjezera zowonjezera ziyenera kusinthidwa (nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'magalimoto)).Ntchito yofunika kwambiri komanso yosavuta ndiyo kubwezera zidziwitso zoyenera za batri ku chida chowonetsera, ndipo mukhoza kuonanso zofunikira za batri ndi galimotoyo poyambitsa APP;popeza batire ya lead-acid ilibe bolodi yoteteza, mabatire a lithiamu okha (omwe ali ndi protocol yomweyo) angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuphatikiza.
Ngati mukufuna kufanana ndi njira yolumikizirana, kasitomala ayenera kuperekamafotokozedwe a protocol, mawonekedwe a batri, gulu la batri, ndi zina.ngati mukufuna kufanana ndi enazida zowongolera chapakati, mufunikanso kupereka mafotokozedwe ndi mabungwe.
Chida-Wowongolera-Battery
● Kuzindikira kuwongolera kwa kulumikizana
Kulankhulana pa chowongolera kumatha kuzindikira kuwongolera kulumikizana pakati pa zida zosiyanasiyana.
Mwachitsanzo, pamene chipangizo pa mzere kupanga ndi zachilendo, uthenga akhoza kufalitsidwa kwa wolamulira kudzera dongosolo kulankhulana, ndipo wolamulira adzapereka malangizo kwa zipangizo zina kudzera dongosolo kulankhulana kuwalola iwo basi kusintha ntchito yawo, kotero kuti njira yonse yopangira ikhoza kukhalabe yogwira ntchito bwino.
● Zindikirani kugawana deta
Kulankhulana pa chowongolera kumatha kuzindikira kugawana deta pakati pa zida zosiyanasiyana.
Mwachitsanzo, deta zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimapangidwa panthawi yopanga, monga kutentha, chinyezi, kuthamanga, panopa, magetsi, ndi zina zotero, zikhoza kusonkhanitsidwa ndikufalitsidwa kudzera mu njira yolumikizirana pa olamulira kuti afufuze deta ndi kuyang'anira nthawi yeniyeni.
● Kupititsa patsogolo luso la zida
Kulankhulana pa wowongolera kungapangitse luntha la zida.
Mwachitsanzo, mu kachitidwe ka zinthu, njira yolumikizirana imatha kuzindikira magwiridwe antchito odziyimira pawokha a magalimoto opanda anthu ndikuwongolera magwiridwe antchito komanso kulondola kwa kugawa kwazinthu.
● Kupititsa patsogolo luso la kupanga ndi khalidwe
Kulankhulana pa wowongolera kumatha kupititsa patsogolo luso la kupanga ndi khalidwe.
Mwachitsanzo, njira yolankhulirana imatha kusonkhanitsa ndi kutumiza zidziwitso panthawi yonse yopanga, kuzindikira kuwunika ndi kuyankha kwanthawi yeniyeni, ndikupanga kusintha kwakanthawi komanso kukhathamiritsa, potero kumapangitsa kuti ntchitoyo ikhale yabwino komanso yabwino.
4. Chitsanzo
● Nthawi zambiri amawonetsedwa ndi ma volts, machubu, ndi malire apano.Mwachitsanzo: 72v12 machubu 30A.Zimawonetsedwanso ndi mphamvu yovotera mu W.
● 72V, ndiko kuti, 72v voliyumu, yomwe imagwirizana ndi magetsi a galimoto yonse.
● machubu 12, kutanthauza kuti muli machubu 12 a MOS (zigawo zamagetsi) mkati.Machubu ochulukirapo, mphamvu zake zimakulirakulira.
● 30A, kutanthauza kuchepetsa 30A.
● W mphamvu: 350W/500W/800W/1000W/1500W, ndi zina zotero.
● Zodziwika bwino ndi machubu 6, machubu 9, machubu 12, machubu 15, machubu 18, ndi zina zotero. Machubu a MOS akachuluka, m’pamenenso amatuluka kwambiri.Kuchuluka kwa mphamvu, mphamvu yaikulu, koma mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu
● 6 machubu, nthawi zambiri amakhala 16A~19A, mphamvu 250W~400W
● Machubu akulu 6, nthawi zambiri amangokhala 22A~23A, mphamvu 450W
● 9 machubu, nthawi zambiri amakhala 23A~28A, mphamvu 450W~500W
● 12 machubu, nthawi zambiri amangokhala 30A~35A, mphamvu 500W~650W~800W~1000W
● machubu 15, machubu 18 nthawi zambiri amangokhala 35A-40A-45A, mphamvu 800W~1000W~1500W
MOS chubu
Pali mapulagi atatu okhazikika kumbuyo kwa wowongolera, 8P imodzi, 6P imodzi, ndi 16P imodzi.Mapulagi amayenderana, ndipo 1P iliyonse ili ndi ntchito yake (pokhapokha ngati ilibe).Zotsalira zabwino ndi zoipa ndi mawaya magawo atatu a galimoto (mitundu imagwirizana wina ndi mzake)
5. Zomwe Zimakhudza Magwiridwe a Wolamulira
Pali mitundu inayi ya zinthu zomwe zimakhudza magwiridwe antchito:
5.1 Chubu chamagetsi chowongolera chawonongeka.Nthawi zambiri, pali zotheka zingapo:
● Chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa galimoto kapena kuchuluka kwa injini.
● Zimayambitsidwa ndi kusakwanira kwa chubu lamagetsi palokha kapena kusakwanira kosankha.
● Zimayambitsidwa ndi kuyika kosasunthika kapena kugwedezeka.
● Chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa magetsi chubu pagalimoto dera kapena zosafunika chizindikiro kapangidwe.
Mapangidwe amagetsi agalimoto ayenera kukonzedwa ndipo zida zofananira zamagetsi ziyenera kusankhidwa.
5.2 Dongosolo lamagetsi lamkati la wowongolera lawonongeka.Nthawi zambiri, pali zotheka zingapo:
● Dongosolo lamkati la wowongolera ndi lalifupi.
● Zigawo zowongolera zotumphukira zimakhala zazifupi.
● Mitsempha yakunja ndi yofupikitsa.
Pankhaniyi, masanjidwe a dera loperekera mphamvu ayenera kukonzedwa bwino, ndipo gawo lapadera lamagetsi liyenera kupangidwa kuti lilekanitse malo apamwamba omwe akugwira ntchito pano.Waya wotsogola uliwonse uyenera kukhala wotetezedwa ndi njira yayifupi ndipo malangizo amawaya ayenera kumangirizidwa.
5.3 Wowongolera amagwira ntchito pafupipafupi.Nthawi zambiri pali zotheka zotsatirazi:
● Magawo a chipangizocho amasuntha m'malo otentha kwambiri kapena otsika.
● Kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mphamvu zonse kwa wolamulira ndi kwakukulu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kutentha kwapafupi kwa zipangizo zina kukhale kokwera kwambiri ndipo chipangizocho chimalowa m'malo otetezedwa.
● Kusamvana bwino.
Chodabwitsa ichi chikachitika, zigawo zomwe zili ndi kutentha koyenera ziyenera kusankhidwa kuti zichepetse kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zonse za wolamulira ndikuwongolera kutentha kwa kutentha.
5.4 Mzere wolumikizira wowongolera ndi wokalamba komanso watha, ndipo cholumikizira sichimalumikizana bwino kapena chimagwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chizindikiro chowongolera chiwonongeke.Kawirikawiri, pali zotheka zotsatirazi:
● Kusankha mawaya ndikosayenera.
● Kutetezedwa kwa waya sikwabwino.
● Kusankhidwa kwa zolumikizira sikwabwino, ndipo crimping ya waya wa waya ndi cholumikizira sicholimba.Kugwirizana pakati pa chingwe cha waya ndi cholumikizira, ndi pakati pa zolumikizira ziyenera kukhala zodalirika, ndipo ziyenera kugonjetsedwa ndi kutentha kwakukulu, madzi, kugwedezeka, makutidwe ndi okosijeni, ndi kuvala.
